Improvement in machines for nailing boxes



Patented July 9, T8172.

E. BEARD. improvements-iufmachines for N aiii'ng Boxes.

No. V128,699

A. hf...

nnwni enano, or orrawn, assrenon or onnnntr nis sieur retiens n. ros'rnn, or cercano, immers.

nwrnoveiaear is Actuales een saisine eene..

Specitication forming'part of Letters Patent No. 128,698, dated July 9, i872.

y `z SPECIFICATION. To all whomfit may concern: j

Be it'known that I, EDWIN Banen, of Ottawa, inthe county of La Salle and State ot Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Box-Nailing Machines; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled inthe art tb which my invention appertains to make and use the' same, reference being had tothe accompanying' drawing forming a part thereof, and in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a boxnailing machine provided with my improvements; Fig. 2, arear elevation of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical central sectional view of the saine from front to rear; Fig. 4, 'a top or plan view ot the same above the line a .r of Fig. l; and Fig. 5, an isometrical view of one of the dies or nail-holders detached, and of full size.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

My invention relates to that class ot' nailingmachines which have for their object the nailing together oi' boxes' and it co sistsin providing means whereby boxes vaying in size may be manufactured by nailing their parts together withoutaspecial adjustmentof themachine foreach size, and without a special adjustlnent during the operation of nailing the parts of each box together, the nails in either casebeing driven flush with the outer surface of the box, or the same distance below it, in 'other werds,

the adjustment for this purpose is automatic.'

It also consists of one or more adjustable and yielding dies or nail-holders, so constructed and arranged that they may be fed by a self- `feeding attachment, and so that one or more nails will be presented to the wood with their broadestparts always in the same direction, and in sucha manner that the punches will strikebut onenail in each die at the same time.` y It also cousists in providing a box-nailing machine vwith a novel selifeeding apparatus, whereby `the nails are automatically taken. from the nailholding box and distributed to the dies, so as to be properly operated upon by the punches. It valso consists in the general construction and arrangement of the various-parts of the ma' chine so that compactness is secured, and all the parts operate together in harmony for the *purposes for which they are intended, all of which'will be hereafter fully described, the object of my invention being to facilitate the operation of nailing boxes together, and thus lessen the expense of their manufacture.

A is the frame of my improved machine.

B is the drivingwheel, andGisa hubprojec: 4

tion, extending therefrom, and rigidly attached thereto. Dis asha-ft, having suitable bearings in the frame A., about which shaft the' wheel B turns freely. c is an annular slot or groove around and near the inner end of the hubA C and E is a forked arm, the forked end of which rests freely in said slot. F is a rod extending across the frame A, and turning freely in suitable bearings therein. G is a treadle rigidly attachedA to the rod F, and having its rear end weighted. The'iorked arm E extends downward, and is rigidly attached to the rod F. The outer end-of the hub C has ratchet-teeth or notches sunken into its edge.

H is a band or clutch on thevouter end of the shaft l) and attached rigidly thereto, the inner edge of which clutch is notched to correspond to the notches ot' the hub-projection C. I is a sleeve about the shaft D, andJ is aspurwheel rigidly attached to ,said sleeve. .El is a rigid arm projecting from the sleeve I, andK is a friction-roller on the end of said arm. L is a collar on the shaft D to retain the sleeve l in place thereon, and Mis a pinion on the end of said shaft. D' is also a shaft, extending across the frame A, and having suitable bearings thereon, as at-D. N is a spur-wheel on the rear end of the shaft D', and rigidly attached thereto, with which spur-wheel the pinion M engages. t) isa pinion on the shaft D', and engaging with the spunwheel J P is a vertically sliding frame, sliding in suitable ways on the frame A, and Q; is a cam-projec-` ratchets projecting upward and forward. S is' also averticallysliding frame, sliding in suit able ways on the frame A, and S is avertically-slotted arm or projection extending downward from the frame S, and playing freely in.

the space between the vertical armsof the frame l? behind the ratchet-teeth R R'. T T are metallic plates connecting the rear faces of the vertical arms of the frame P to strengthen them, andvmore eli'eetually inclose the arm S. V is a cross-bar, and W W are vertical slots in the frame A, in which it rests. A A are braces rigidly attached to the frame A, and passing freely through perforations in the bar V, the upper end ot' which braces are provided with a male screw thread. B B are nuts run upon the upper end of the braces A A, one above and one below the bar V, by means of which nuts the said bar is adjustable vertically. c c are4 projections from the rear face ot' the frame S, which,e pro jections strike the bar Vas the frame S moves downward, thereby stopping the further downward movement of thesaid frame, and the bar Vis so adjusted'that the downward movement of the frame S will cease before the bottom of the arm S strikes the frame P, or so that there will be af space between the bottom of the arm S and the frame P, as shown at D, when both the frames P and S are at the limit of their downward movement, the frame l being supported on the sleeve I before being raised .by the arm k. E is a bar resting in 'the slot of the arm S and moving freely therein. The upper end of the bar E is bent' rearward, and 11" is a friction-roller therein. G G are plates or toggle arms, the upward ends of which are bent forward and pivoted in slots in the bar E. H H are projections from' the rear face of the arm S, between which the lower'ends of the plates G G are pivoted, so that the gravity ofthe bar E will tend to draw it forward and downward, so that it cannot move rearward suiciently to reach a dead center over its pivotal connections. l is averticali y-slidin g bracket riding in suitable ways in the frame A'and supporting the table or platen l. K is a firm, strong spring, the upper end of which is securely attached to thetable I, and the free end of which rests in the ratchets lt It. L is a vertical slot in the central Ypart of the frame S, and the rear face of said frame, upon each side of said slot, is provided with a vertical ridge, and l L are square notches or grooves sunken across said ridges. M is a metallic plate provided with a ridge corresponding to and resting in any of the notches l L. A boit passes through the plate M, and the said plate is held in any desired position by means of the nut In on the ends ot' the said bolt, the head m projecting forward sulljciently to arrest thedownward movement ofthe table l. N N are the dieholders, extending forward sufficiently from the upper portion of the frame S to come in contact with a box when placed on the table as the latter nieves upward. O is a small gauge. o o are pins on which it is adjustable laterally by means ot' the slots and nuts, and the inner edge of the gauge 0 projects forward sufficiently to come in contact with the side or edge of a box placed on the table so as to hold the box in a proper position thereon. l punclrliolding bar resting in the slots Q Q, in which it is adjustable vertically by means ci' the screws It R. S lis a slot in the bar P, and T l`jare punches rest ing therein and in which they are adjustable laterally by means of the nuts e o. W Vv are braces rigidly attached tov each side of the 'ofthe heads ot' the nails. C2 is a slotted arm or lever through one end of which the spindle of the roller B" passes freely. D is apitrnan, the lower end of which is pivoted to one ot the projections c c, and through the upper end ot' which a wrist-pin passes freely into the slot of the arm c?, which pin is capable of being tightened and adjusted in said slot. E* is a ratchet on one endof the roller B2, and F* is a hooked dog or pawl which engages with the said ratchet, the lower end ot' said hook being attached to the arm or lever 0'. G2 is a metallic apron attached to th'e box A2 and extending beneath the roller B2' The dieholders N N are constructed with alongitudinal slot passing vertically through them, and on the upper face of the die-holders are plates n n, one on each side of said slot. These plates n n are provided with slots through which setscrews pass, so that the plates may be attached to the die-holders 'and adjusted thereon with relation to each other, accordingto the size of the nails. The die-holders are rigidly attached to the frame S. I* I4 are nail-holders, made in two parts, as shown in Fig. 5, the inner face ot' each part being so formed that when the parts of the nail-holders are properly placed together there will be a vertical slot therein sulicientl y deep to admit of the nails vpassing into the dies in a vertical position, and by a horizontally-sliding movement. The action ofthe punches in passing.

through the dies widens this slot sutlciently to admit the nails, and when the punches are withdrawn the action ofthe springs hereafter mentioned causes the dies to clasp the nails so that'their movement ceases; this slot gradually widens so that but one nail at a'timcwill be admitted to such widened part when the nails are released and be freelysuspended therein by its head when the punches are withdrawn. The act` of withdrawing the punches allows the nail so suspended to move to a position to be driven'. The top of the widened part of this slot or groove has round- `ed edges, and these, together with the oblongl form of the groove or slot, tend to turn the headl of the nail always in the same direction. The forward ends of the die-holders are formed to receive the dies or nail-holders, and a dievholder is represented in Fig. 3 with one part rasees l 3 of a dicthcrein, the die Vresting cnthe upper ,end oi' the .trained snhiciently to keep the die in piace. d? l2 are springs on the sides of the dies, and j is a pin on the sides of the springs, the pins restin,r in holes in the die-holders, the latter bcing'constructed to receive both the dies Vand their sprin gs. K4 1K* are metallic wings arched or inclined upward from the in- ,ner ed ges oi' the slof in the die-holders, or from the innerV edges of the plates n n, as shown. L* is a trough beneath the die-holders, so arranged 'as lto catch such nails as may not be conducted into the dies, and convey them itrtov any proper rceptacle.

The operation of my improved box-nailing machine is as follows: A drivin gband is placed about the band-wheel, and connected with any suitable drivin g-power. The table is then adjusted according to the size of the box to be 'nailed by drawing it upward, and the spring K retains it in any desired position by resting inthe ratchets lit R'. rEhe height of the table should be such that the space between the top of the parte to be first nailed and the-dies or nail-holders wid be somewhat more than the cthickness of the boards of which the box is made. When the height of the table is determined the head l'mf should be' adjusted in the notches'l Z,so as to be in contact withthe under side oi' the table. The bar V should be adjusted so that the space between the bot- "tom of the arm a' and the frame P will also be somewhat greater than 'the thickness of the material of which the box ismade. The punchholding bar should then be adjusted so that the punches will be just above the dies or nailholders. The footof the operatoristhenplaced on the treadle, and sudicient pressure exerted to raise its weighted end, thus throwing the ,upper end ofthe arm E forward, and pushing j the clutches together. The shaft D then revolves, and motion is communicated to the wheel N by reason of its engagement with-the pinionM, thus revolving the shaft D', and the pinion '0 communicates its motion to thewheei d, and causes the sleeve I and its arm K to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow,

provided. Asthe i arm K movesin the direc-4 ftion of .the cam Q, ample time is given to adjpst the parts. of the boxnpon the table,l or to l remove abox already nailed, andarrange tl e parts of another for nailing. As the arm K strikes the cam Q, the frame P, as well as the bracket-lL and its table l2, are raised by reason of the spring K resting iu the ratchets E R'. When the box reaches the dies or nailholders, which will be before the frame P can striketh'e bottom' ot the arm S', the box wili carry up the frame S until the roller F" strikes the bar V. As fthe-roller F strikes the bar V, the bar E'isforced forward, and the spring Klis released from its ratchets, The table.

now, having no support, falls upon ther head m', and the arm Ktravels a littlefurther, and then releases the' cam Qwhen the frame P falls upon the sleeve I; and the frame S rests upon the bar V, the spring Kll having also fallen into its proper ratchet the instant the downward movement of the frame S released the roller F and bar E. The operationof nailing is thus continuedA until the boxisnailed together, the nails being fed into the nail-holders in the following manner: The box A2 is lled with nails of suitable size, and the inclination of the box throws the nails against the roller B3.' As the frame S moves upward the pit'man D throws up the forward end of the lever C2, so that the hook F? passes over the ratchetteeth E". As the frame S descends the hook F4 engages the ratchet-tecth E4 and turns the roller 132 forward. The fingers-on.

- the roller B2 pick up the nails, and throw them on the wings VK4 K4. Such nails as may fall between' the nail-box and roller are caught by the wing G2, and pass upon the wings K4 K". The nails after falling on the wings K2 K2 slide down and are caught by their headsfbetween the plates on their die-holders N N', and' sliding along between said plates are delivered into the dies or nail-holders. The nails not thus caught between the plates u n drop into the trough L4. As the punches pass into the dies or nail-holders the latter are pressed slightly apart, so that the forward nail in the narrowest space between the parts of the nailholders slides into the next broadest space,

l which is sufficiently broad to admit of the nail being freely suspended therein by its head. After the punches move upward out of the dies or nail-holders the forward nail drops into the broadest space between the partsof the `dies, so'as to be struck by the next downward movement of the punches and the action of the springs J2 J2, by pressing the parts of the dies against the nails inthe 'iarrowest space as the punches ascend, prevents the nails from being delivered'to the latter until the proper time; The inclination of the nail-box, y and dieholders, and dies, together with the jarring movement of the machinewhile being operated, produces the downward and forward movement ofthe nails above described.

It will be observed, from the foregoing description of the operation of my invention,

that, after the various parts-of the machine are once adjusted, a side may be nailed upon the ends of a box, and that room-will remain between the parts so nailed and the nail-holders or dies for the insertion of the other s ide upon the ends, so asto be nailed thereto without a further special adjustment for that pur pose, and that the nails will be driven the v same distance into the wood'n c ach case. In like manner, boxes varying 1n size, or boxes of varied proportions, may be nailed together without a special adjustment after an adjust-A ment is once made for each vsize and proportion, and the thickness of the material. When a special adjustment is required, an adjust ment of the table only willbe required in most euses. ln constructing the muehines und umking,r provision for autonmtie ud jusl.|ne'nt regard should be hud to the thickness of' the nuiteriul to be used in the. eonstruetion oi' the boxes,

und for the verging proportions oi' boxes olv the sume size, il' 1lesiru,ble,:u|d the tuble should be cupuble ol' :in adjustment eorresimnrling to the dili'erent sizes ol' boxes to be nuiled on the sume moehine. l'he seope of' the uutoniutie. zuljustlneut, muy be, inereused by 'urging the proportions o' those purts ol' the inuehiue, on which it depends, so that boxes vulying considerublvx in size muy be nuiled on the sume muehino Vwithout :i special zuljustment, thetuble. being first :uliusted to the lul-gest sij/.e.. lt \\'ill :liso be observed lhslt, the :xrm l( is nearly or quite in u verti :ul position while the nnils ure, being; driven, so that, the greutest l'oree is then exerted. 'l'he arrangement ol' lhe wheel ,l on :i sleeve, :is deseribed, :xdmiis ol' the power heini.,r multiplied, while, eon|puet ness in the arrangement of the gern-ing is also i gutes l? und S, arranged to nail together the dill'erent purls oi' :i box, and of' boxes of Yuri ous dimensions, without special adjustment for tlmt purpose, substuntiully as set l'orth.

.2. 'l`he yielding und slotted dies or nailholdersl l, the slot termiimtin;r in a groove, und the upper opening ol' the. slot und groove gruduully wideningr toward the closed end o4.'

the dies, l'orthe plu-.pose ol' receiving the nails l'rom u self-feeding meehunislu, und conductin;r them our-by one ben :nth thefpunches n u position to be driven, substantially deseribed.

The die-holders N N provided with wings /rl und longitinlinnl grooves, for the purpose ol' reeeiving' the nails prtuniseuoushY from a sell'- l'eeding' fittuelnnen und eonduetiug them to the diesorimil-holdersin :i position to be driven, substuntizxll)l :is speeilied.

fl. The, sell'l'eedin;g nttuehment lo n boxnuiling' muebine, herein deserilled, whereb)P lhe nuils nre pieked promiseuously l'rom unuilbox, .#V. by un interinittentlr-rln:ited lingered roller, li",-:u|d delivered to the muehino, substuntiully :is speei'lied.

vEDWIN lili/Uil).

.\'. (D. Unioni-1r, I". ll. lnowx. 

